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Avliyo Yekaterina monastiri

Koordinatalari: 28°33′20″N 33°58′34″E / 28.55556°N 33.97611°E / 28.55556; 33.97611
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Avliyo Yekaterina monastiri
UNESCO Jahon madaniy merosi

Sinay togʻidan qaraganda Avliyo Yekaterina monastirining umumiy koʻrinishi
Rasmiy nomi Avliyo Yekaterina monastiri
Location Avliyo Yekaterina, Janubiy Sinay muhofazasi, Misr
Kriteriya Madaniy (i, iii, iv, vi)
Manba 954
Kiritilgan vaqti 2002 (26- sessiya)
Maydon 60 100 ga
Coordinates 28°33′20″N 33°58′34″E / 28.55556°N 33.97611°E / 28.55556; 33.97611

Avliyo Yekaterina monastiri (arabcha: دير القدّيسة كاترين‎‎, Dayr al-Qiddīsa Katrīn, yunoncha: Ιερά Μονή Αγίας Αικατερίνης Όρους Σινά, Iërá Moní Ayías Ekaterínis Órus Siná, koine grekcha: Μονὴ τῆς Ἁγίας Αἰκατερίνης), rasman Muqaddas va Xudo qadami tekkan Sinay togʻidagi Avliyo Yekaterinaning muqaddas avtonom qirollik monastiri — Misrning Sinay yarim orolida joylashgan xristian monastiri. Sinay togʻi etagida joylashgan ushbu inshoot 548—565-yillar oraligʻida qurilgan boʻlib, u dunyodagi uzluksiz faoliyat yuritib kelayotgan eng qadimgi xristian monastiri hisoblanadi[1][2][3].

Monastir Vizantiya imperatori Yustinian I buyrugʻi bilan, Moisey koʻrgan yonayotgan buta deb hisoblangan joyni oʻrab olgan holda qurilgan[4][5][6]. Asrlar oʻtib, shu hududda topilgani aytiladigan iskandariyalik Yekaterinaning jasadi monastirga olib kelingan; Yekaterinaning muqaddas qoldiqlari monastirni xristianlar uchun muhim ziyoratgohga aylantirgan va keyinchalik monastir shu avliyo sharafiga qayta nomlangan.

Kengroq maʼnoda Yunon pravoslav cherkovining bir qismi boʻlgan avtonom Sinay cherkovi tasarrufidagi ushbu monastir 2002-yilda uchta yirik Ibrohimiy din — yahudiylik, xristianlik va islom uchun tutgan noyob ahamiyati tufayli Jahon merosi roʻyxatiga kiritilgan[7][8]. Monastir hududida milodiy 1106-yilda qurilgan va hozirgi kungacha saqlanib qolgan Fotimiylar davriga oid masjid ham mavjud[9].

Monastir kutubxonasida Codex Sinaiticus va Syriac Sinaiticus kabi noyob va nodir asarlar[10][11], shuningdek, ilk xristian ikonalari toʻplami (jumladan, Masih Pantokratorning maʼlum boʻlgan eng qadimgi tasviri) saqlanadi.

Avliyo Yekaterina monastiri oʻzi joylashgan hududdagi uchta togʻ fonida qad rostlagan: Willow choʻqqisi (ehtimol, Injildagi Horeb togʻi; taxminan 1 km (0.62 mi) gʻarbdagi choʻqqi); Jabal Arrenziyeb (taxminan 1 km (0.62 mi) janubdagi choʻqqi) va Sinay togʻi (mahalliy tilda Jabal Muso; anʼanaga koʻra Injildagi Sino togʻi bilan aynan bir deb hisoblanadi; taxminan 2 km (1.2 mi) janubdagi choʻqqi)[12].

Ikonalari

Tarixiy tasvirlari

Panorama koʻrinishi

Fayl:St CatherinesPanorama.JPG
Avliyo Yekaterina monastirining panoramasi

Adabiyotda eslanishi

Fransuz yozuvchisi Pierre Loti monastir va uning xazinalarini oʻzining 1895-yilda yozilgan Le désert asarida — Sinay choʻli boʻylab tuyada qilingan sayohat haqidagi xotiralarida — batafsil tasvirlab beradi[13].

Yana qarang

Manbalar

  1. ↑ Din, Mursi Saad El et al.. Sinai: The Site & The History: Essays. New York: New York University Press, 1998. p. 80. ISBN 0814722032
  2. ↑ Monks and Monasteries of the Near East. Gorgias Press, 2004 — 93–94-bet. ISBN 978-1-59333-276-1. 
  3. ↑ „St Catherine Monastery – The Oldest in the World“ (en-US). KEEP CALM and WANDER (2016-yil 24-may). 2016-yil 24-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 21-aprel.
  4. ↑ "The Desert Sojourn of the Hebrews and the Sinai-Horeb Tradition". Vetus Testamentum (Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers on behalf of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament) 4 (1): 148–154. January 1954. doi:10.1163/156853354X00136. ISSN 1568-5330. 
  5. ↑ Schrope, Mark. „In the Sinai, a global team is revolutionizing the preservation of ancient manuscripts“ (en-US) (2012-yil 6-sentyabr). Qaraldi: 2018-yil 2-iyul.
  6. ↑ „Is the Burning Bush Still Burning?“ (en-US). Friends of Mount Sinai Monastery. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 2-iyul.
  7. ↑ Georgiou, Aristos. „These spectacular ancient texts were lost for centuries, and now they can be viewed online“ (en). International Business Times (2017-yil 20-dekabr). 2018-yil 2-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
  8. ↑ „Saint Catherine Area“. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 7-sentyabr.
  9. ↑ „The Fatimid Mosque“ (en). egymonuments.gov.eg. Qaraldi: 2025-yil 15-oktyabr.
  10. ↑ Sebastian P. Brock, Two Hitherto Unattested Passages of the Old Syriac Gospels in Palimpsests from St Catherie's Monastery, Sinai, Δελτίο Βιβλικῶν Μελετῶν 31A, 2016, pp. 7–18.
  11. ↑ „Sinai Palimpsests project“. sinai.library.ucla.edu.
  12. ↑ „Visit Saint Catherine Monastery, Egypt“ (en-GB). visitafrica.site. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 25-sentyabr.
  13. ↑ Loti, Pierre. Le désert (French). Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire: Christian Pirot, 1987 — 41–76-bet. ISBN 0874804272. Qaraldi: 2025-yil 25-may. 

Adabiyotlar

  • Oriana Baddeley, Earleen Brunner. The Monastery of St Catherine. Saint Catherine Foundation, 1996 — 120 pages with 79 colour illustrations-bet. ISBN 978-0-9528063-0-1. 
  • Böttrich, Christfried. Der Jahrhundertfund. Entdeckung und Geschichte des Codex Sinaiticus (The Discovery of the Century. Discovery and history of Codex Sinaiticus). Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, 2011. ISBN 978-3-374-02586-2. 
  • James Hamilton Charlesworth, The New Discoveries in St. Catherineʼs Monastery (= American Schools of Oriental Research Monograph 3) Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1981. ISBN 0-89757-403-6
  • Alessandro Falcetta (2018). A Biography of James Rendel Harris 1852–1941: The Daily Discoveries of a Bible Scholar and Manuscript Hunter. London, UK: T&T Clark. ISBN 9780567684776
  • Forsyth, G. H.; Weitzmann, K.. The Monastery of Saint Catherine at Mount Sinai – The Church and Fortress of Justinian: Plates. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973. ISBN 0-472-33000-4. 
  • Paul Géhin (2017). Les manuscrits syriaques de parchemin du Sinaï et leur membra disjecta. CSCO 665 / Subsidia 136. Louvain: Peeters. ISBN 978-90-429-3501-3
  • Margaret Dunlop Gibson (1893). How the Codex was Found. A Narrative of Two Visits to Sinai from Mrs. Lewis’s Journals. 1892–1893. Cambridge: Macmillan & Bowes.
  • Dieter Harlfinger, Diether R. Reinsch, and Joseph A. M. Sonderkamp in Zusammenarbeit mit Giancarlo Prato: Specimina Sinaitica: Die datierten griechischen Handschriften des Katharinen-Klosters auf dem Berge Sinai 9. bis 12. Jahrhundert, Berlin: Reimer 1983. ISBN 3496007435
  • Agnes Smith Lewis (1898). In the Shadow of Sinai. A Story travel and Research from 1895 to 1897. Cambridge: Macmillan & Bowes.
  • Panayotis G. Nicolopoulos (1999), The New Finds. Holy Monastery and Archdiocese of Sinai (Athens). ISBN 9608598427
  • David C. Parker (2010). CODEX SINAITICUS: The Story of the World’s Oldest Bible. London. British Library. ISBN 9780712358033
  • Porter, Stanley E.. Constantine Tischendorf. The Life and Work of a 19th Century Bible Hunter. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015. ISBN 978-0-5676-5803-6. 
  • Schick, Alexander. Tischendorf und die älteste Bibel der Welt – Die Entdeckung des CODEX SINAITICUS im Katharinenkloster. Muldenhammer: Jota, 2015. Biography cause of the anniversary of the 200th birthday of Tischendorf with many unpublished documents from his estate. These provide insight into previously unknown details of the discoveries and the reasons behind the donation of the manuscript. Recent research on Tischendorf and the Codex Sinaiticus and its significance for New Testament Textual Research. ISBN 978-3-935707-83-1. 
  • Soskice, Janet. Sisters of Sinai: How Two Lady Adventurers Found the Hidden Gospels. London: Chatto & Windus, 2009. ISBN 978-0-701-17341-8. 
  • Icones du Mont Sinaï, 2 vols (plates and texts). Collection de L'Institut francais d'Athènes 100 and 102, Athens, 1956–1958. 
  • Elena Ene D-Vasilescu, „The Monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai and the Romanians“, Revue des Études Sud-Est Européennes [Journal of South-East European studies], XLVII, 1–4, 2009, pp. 75–87
  • Weitzmann, K.. The Monastery of Saint Catherine at Mount Sinai: The Icons, Volume I: From the Sixth to the Tenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976. 
  • Weitzmann, K.; Galavaris, G.. The Monastery of Saint Catherine at Mount Sinai. The Illuminated Greek Manuscripts, Volume I. From the Ninth to the Twelfth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. ISBN 0-691-03602-0. 

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