Qora malika gipotezasi

Qora malika gipotezasi (Black Queen hypothesis) (BQH) — bu genetik dreyfdan farqli o'laroq, tabiiy tanlanish qanday qilib genlar yo'qolishiga olib kelishi mumkinligini tushuntiruvchi reduktiv evolyutsiya (reductive evolution) nazariyasidir.^[1]^[2] Mikrob jamoalarida (microbial community) turli a'zolar ma'lum kimyoviy moddalar yoki resurslarni «sizib chiqish» (leaky fashion) shaklida ishlab chiqaradigan genlarga ega bo'lishi mumkin, bu esa ushbu resurslarni jamoaning boshqa a'zolari uchun ochiq qiladi. Agar ushbu resurs jamoaning ayrim a'zolari uchun uni mustaqil ishlab chiqarmasdan turib foydalanish imkoniyatini yaratsa, bu a'zolar o'sha moddani sintez qilish bilan bog'liq bo'lgan biologik funksiyani (yoki genni) yo'qotishi mumkin. Boshqacha aytganda, Qora malika gipotezasi qaysi sharoitlarda muayyan biologik funksiyalarni yo'qotish evolyutsion jihatdan foydali ekanligini tahlil qiladi. Resurslarni o'zi ishlab chiqarmasdan turib olish orqali bu mikroblar energiyani tejaydi va tezroq replikatsiyani ta'minlash maqsadida o'z genomlarini ixchamlashtiradi (streamline).

Jiffri Morris (Jeffrey Morris) Qora malika gipotezasini 2011-yildagi doktorlik dissertatsiyasida taklif qilgan.^[3] Keyingi yili Morris Richard Lenski va Erik Zinser bilan birgalikda gipotezani to'liqroq shakllantirgan va rivojlantirgan nashrni e'lon qildi.^[4] Gipotezaning nomi — «Qora malika gipotezasi» — organizmlar o'zgaruvchan muhit va boshqa organizmlarning evolyutsiyasiga moslashish uchun doimiy ravishda rivojlanib borishi kerakligini ta'kidlovchi Qizil malika gipotezasi (koevolyutsiyaning oldingi nazariyasi) ustidagi so'z o'yinidir.^[5]

Manbalar

↑ Bruijn, Frans J. de. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria, 2 Volume Set (en). John Wiley & Sons, 2016-09-06 — 1202, 1203-bet. ISBN 978-1-119-00488-2.
↑ Kolb, Vera M.. Handbook of Astrobiology (en). CRC Press, 2018-12-24. ISBN 978-1-351-66110-2.
↑ Morris, JJ (2011-yil may). "The Helper Phenotype: A Symbiotic Interaction Between Prochlorococcus and Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Microorganisms". Doctoral Dissertations (University of Tennessee): 128–131. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1004/.
↑ Morris, J. Jeffrey; Lenski, Richard E.; Zinser, Erik R. (2012-yil 23-mart). "The Black Queen Hypothesis: evolution of dependencies through adaptive gene loss". mBio 3 (2). doi:10.1128/mBio.00036-12. PMID 22448042. PMC 3315703. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3315703.
↑ Kerfoot, W. Charles; Weider, Lawrence J. (2004-01-31). "Experimental paleoecology (resurrection ecology): Chasing Van Valen's Red Queen hypothesis". Limnology and Oceanography 49 (4part2): 1300–1316. doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.4_part_2.1300. ISSN 0024-3590.

[1] Bruijn, Frans J. de. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria, 2 Volume Set (en). John Wiley & Sons, 2016-09-06 — 1202, 1203-bet. ISBN 978-1-119-00488-2.

[2] Kolb, Vera M.. Handbook of Astrobiology (en). CRC Press, 2018-12-24. ISBN 978-1-351-66110-2.

[3] Morris, JJ (2011-yil may). "The Helper Phenotype: A Symbiotic Interaction Between Prochlorococcus and Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging Microorganisms". Doctoral Dissertations (University of Tennessee): 128–131. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1004/.

[Morris_20122-4] Morris, J. Jeffrey; Lenski, Richard E.; Zinser, Erik R. (2012-yil 23-mart). "The Black Queen Hypothesis: evolution of dependencies through adaptive gene loss". mBio 3 (2). doi:10.1128/mBio.00036-12. PMID 22448042. PMC 3315703. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3315703.

[5] Kerfoot, W. Charles; Weider, Lawrence J. (2004-01-31). "Experimental paleoecology (resurrection ecology): Chasing Van Valen's Red Queen hypothesis". Limnology and Oceanography 49 (4part2): 1300–1316. doi:10.4319/lo.2004.49.4_part_2.1300. ISSN 0024-3590.

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