Lardizabala

Lardizabala
	Botanik tasvir, 1853-yil
Ilmiy tasniflash
Missing taxonomy template (fix):	Lardizabala
Species:	Template:Taxonomy/LardizabalaL. biternata
Binar nomi
	Template:Taxonomy/LardizabalaLardizabala biternata; Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms
	Cogylia Molina; Dolichos funarius Molina ; (Ruiz & Pav.) Molina (Ruiz & Pav.) Molina ; Molina Lardizabala triternata; Lardizabala biternata Ruiz & Pav.; Cogylia ternata Ruiz & Pav. ; Lardizabala infusiata Cogylia biternata; (Molina) Molina Miers ; Lardizabala silvicola Cogylia triternata; Miers Lardizabala ternata;

Lardizabala — Ranunculales tartibiga mansub gulli oʻsimliklarning monotipik turkumi Turkumdagi yagona tur — Lardizabala biternata boʻlib, u Lardizabala yoki Zabala mevasi nomi bilan maʼlum. Bu tur Chilining markaziy va janubiy qismidagi moʻtadil oʻrmonlarda tarqalgan doim yashil lianadir^[2]. U isteʼmol qilinadigan mevalari va bezak gullari uchun yetishtiriladi^[2].

Morfologiyasi

Lardizabala biternata — barglari uchtadan murakkab joylashgan ikki uyli chirmovuq oʻsimlik^[3]. Bu turning gullari toʻq qizildan binafsha ranggacha boʻladi; erkak gullari osilib turuvchi toʻpgullarda oʻsadi, urgʻochi gullari esa yakka holda joylashadi^[2]. Gulbarglari ham, kosachabarglari ham etdor boʻlib, oltitadan ikki doira hosil qiladi^[4]. Urgʻochi gullar koʻplab qora urugʻli etdor mevalar hosil qiladi^[4]. Ushbu oʻsimlik toʻqimalarida olean kislotasi borligi aniqlangan^[5].

Ekologiyasi

Lardizabala biternata kam uchraydi^[6] va Chilining qishki yogʻingarchilikli Valdiviya oʻrmoni bioxilma-xillik markazini oʻz ichiga olgan kichik geografik hududning endemigi hisoblanadi^[2].

Bu turning yirik va isteʼmol qilinadigan mevalaridagi urugʻlar qirilib ketgan pleystotsen megafaunasi tomonidan tarqatilgan deb taxmin qilinadi^[7]. Hozirda uning tabiiy yashash muhitida urugʻ tarqatishda asosiy rolni "Lycalopex" turkumiga mansub tulkilar oʻynaydi deb hisoblanadi^[7].

Taksonomiyasi

Bu turning mahalliy nomi Nüpu-foki boʻlib, mevalari Kówell yoki Cóguil nomi bilan maʼlum^[8].

Bu turning taksonomik muallifi — Hipólito Ruiz López va José Antonio Pavón Jiménez boʻlib, tipik namunalar dastlab Chilida yigʻilgan^[9]. Lardizabala turkumi XVIII asrda yashagan ispan geografi va tarixchisi Miguel de Lardizabal y Uribe sharafiga nomlangan^[4].

Manbalar

↑ „Lardizabala Ruiz & Pav.“. Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2026-yil 13-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2025-yil 4-yanvar.
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 Herrera, Jaime; Fernández, Leonardo D. (2025-10-10). "First Phenotypic Characterization of the Edible Fruits of Lardizabala biternata: A Baseline for Conservation and Domestication of a Neglected and Endemic Vine". Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 14 (20): 3126. doi:10.3390/plants14203126. ISSN 2223-7747. PMID 41157685. PMC 12567215. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12567215/.
↑ Spongberg, S. A.; Burch, I. H. (1979). "Lardizabalaceae Hardy in Temperate North America". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 60 (2): 302–315. ISSN 0004-2625. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43782059.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. (2012-09-20). "AN OVERVIEW OF LARDIZABALACEAE" (en). Curtis's Botanical Magazine 29 (3): 235–276. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8748.2012.01790.x. ISSN 1355-4905. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8748.2012.01790.x.
↑ Silva, Mario; Mancinelli, Pedro (1961-11-01). "Oleanolic Acid in Lardizabala biternata". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 50 (11): 975. doi:10.1002/jps.2600501122. ISSN 0022-3549. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022354915333451.
↑ Gay, Claudio; Johnston, I. M.. Historia física y política de Chile : segun documentos adquiridos en esta republica durante doce años de residencia en ella y publicada bajo los auspicios del supremo gobierno /. Chile : en el Museo de historia natural de Santiago: En casa del auto, 1844.
↑ ^7,0 ^7,1 Muñoz-Concha, Diego; Mundaca, Enrique; Alarcón, Diego; Machuca, Juan; Crisol-Martínez, Eduardo; Loayza, Andrea (2022). "Could foxes be surrogate seed dispersers of a megafaunal fruit vine in southern South America?" (en). Ecosphere 13 (7). doi:10.1002/ecs2.4186. ISSN 2150-8925.
↑ Meza P., Inés; Villagrán M., Carolina (1991-12-28). "Etnobotánica de la isla Alao, Archipiélago de Chiloé, Chile". Boletín Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 42: 39–78. doi:10.54830/bmnhn.v42.1991.409. ISSN 0719-935X. https://doi.org/10.54830/bmnhn.v42.1991.409.
↑ „Botany Collections Search“. collections.nmnh.si.edu. Qaraldi: 2026-yil 28-fevral.

Pink, A.. Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, 2004.

Havolalar

[POWO-1] „Lardizabala Ruiz & Pav.“. Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (2026-yil 13-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2025-yil 4-yanvar.

[:1-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 Herrera, Jaime; Fernández, Leonardo D. (2025-10-10). "First Phenotypic Characterization of the Edible Fruits of Lardizabala biternata: A Baseline for Conservation and Domestication of a Neglected and Endemic Vine". Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 14 (20): 3126. doi:10.3390/plants14203126. ISSN 2223-7747. PMID 41157685. PMC 12567215. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12567215/.

[3] Spongberg, S. A.; Burch, I. H. (1979). "Lardizabalaceae Hardy in Temperate North America". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 60 (2): 302–315. ISSN 0004-2625. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43782059.

[:2-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. (2012-09-20). "AN OVERVIEW OF LARDIZABALACEAE" (en). Curtis's Botanical Magazine 29 (3): 235–276. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8748.2012.01790.x. ISSN 1355-4905. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8748.2012.01790.x.

[5] Silva, Mario; Mancinelli, Pedro (1961-11-01). "Oleanolic Acid in Lardizabala biternata". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 50 (11): 975. doi:10.1002/jps.2600501122. ISSN 0022-3549. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022354915333451.

[6] Gay, Claudio; Johnston, I. M.. Historia física y política de Chile : segun documentos adquiridos en esta republica durante doce años de residencia en ella y publicada bajo los auspicios del supremo gobierno /. Chile : en el Museo de historia natural de Santiago: En casa del auto, 1844.

[:0-7] 7,0 ^7,1 Muñoz-Concha, Diego; Mundaca, Enrique; Alarcón, Diego; Machuca, Juan; Crisol-Martínez, Eduardo; Loayza, Andrea (2022). "Could foxes be surrogate seed dispersers of a megafaunal fruit vine in southern South America?" (en). Ecosphere 13 (7). doi:10.1002/ecs2.4186. ISSN 2150-8925.

[8] Meza P., Inés; Villagrán M., Carolina (1991-12-28). "Etnobotánica de la isla Alao, Archipiélago de Chiloé, Chile". Boletín Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 42: 39–78. doi:10.54830/bmnhn.v42.1991.409. ISSN 0719-935X. https://doi.org/10.54830/bmnhn.v42.1991.409.

[9] „Botany Collections Search“. collections.nmnh.si.edu. Qaraldi: 2026-yil 28-fevral.

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