Eronning eng yirik shaharlari roʻyxati

Eron shahar aholisining oʻsish sur’atlari boʻyicha dunyoda eng yuqori koʻrsatkichlarga ega mamlakatlardan biridir. 1950-yildan 2002-yilgacha shahar aholisining ulushi 27 foizdan 60 foizgacha koʻtarildi[1]. Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti (BMT) bashoratiga koʻra, 2030-yilga kelib aholining 80 foizi shahar hududlarida istiqomat qiladi[2]. Ichki migrantlarning aksariyati Tehron, Isfahon, Karaj, Ahvoz, Mashhad va Qum kabi shaharlar atrofida oʻrnashgan. 2016-yilda 8,7 million aholiga ega boʻlgan Tehron Eronning eng yirik shahri va mamlakat poytaxti hisoblanadi. Tehronda Eron aholisining taxminan 11 foizi yashaydi. Bu shahar Eronning aloqa va transport tarmoqlari markazidir[3].
2019-yilda 4,2 million aholisi bilan Mashhad Eronning ikkinchi yirik shahri va Razaviy Xuroson viloyatining markazidir. Mashhad Imom Rizo ziyoratgohi joylashganligi sababli dunyodagi eng muqaddas shia shaharlaridan biri hisoblanadi. U Eronning asosiy turizm markazidir. Har yili Imom Rizo ziyoratgohiga 15-20 million ziyoratchi tashrif buyuradi[4][5].
Eronning aholi soni boʻyicha uchinchi oʻrindagi shahri Isfahon boʻlib, 2019-yilda uning aholisi 2,5 million kishini tashkil etgan. Bu shahar Eronning eng yirik sanoat markazlaridan biri hisoblanib, bir nechta UNESCOning Jahon merosi roʻyxatiga kiritilgan obyektlarga ega. Shahar koʻplab tarixiy yodgorliklari bilan mashhur boʻlib, oʻzining rassomligi, boy tarixi va betakror meʼmorchiligi bilan tanilgan.
Eronning aholisi boʻyicha toʻrtinchi yirik shahri Karaj boʻlib, 2019-yilda uning aholisi 2,1 million kishini tashkil etgan. Karaj Alborz viloyatining markazi hisoblanadi va Tehrondan 35 km gʻarbda, Alborz togʻlari etagida joylashgan. Karaj tobora Tehronga qoʻshilib, poytaxtning davomiga aylanib bormoqda.
Eronning aholisi boʻyicha beshinchi yirik shahri Sheroz (aholisi 1,57 million kishi) boʻlib, u mamlakat janubi-gʻarbida, moʻtadil iqlimli hududda joylashgan va ming yildan ortiq vaqt davomida mintaqaviy savdo markazi boʻlib kelmoqda. Sheroz qadimiy Eronning eng koʻhna shaharlaridan biri boʻlib, shoirlar, adabiyot va gullar shahri sifatida mashhur. Shuningdek, koʻpchilik eronliklar uni bogʻlar shahri deb atashadi, bundan tashqari u Eron elektron sanoatining yirik markazlaridan biri hisoblanadi.
Boshqa yirik shaharlar qatoriga Tabriz (aholisi 1,56 million), Qum (aholisi 1,2 million) va Ahvoz (aholisi 1,18 million) kiradi[6].
Yirik shaharlar roʻyxati

Eronda aholisi milliondan ortiq boʻlgan 10 ta yirik shahar yoki metropoliya mavjud.
| № | Shahar | Aholi |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tehron | 15,800,000 |
| 2 | Isfahon | 3,989,070 |
| 3 | Mashhad | 3,416,000 |
| 4 | Karaj | 2,512,737 |
| 5 | Sheroz | 1,800,000 |
| 6 | Tabriz | 1,773,023 |
| 7 | Qum | 1,260,000 |
| 8 | Ahvoz | 1,184,788 |
| 9 | Kirmonshoh | 1,083,833 |
| 10 | Urmiya | 1,000,000 |
100 000 dan ortiq aholi yashaydigan shaharlar
Quyidagi tartib bilan berilgan jadvalda 2016-yilda aholisi 100 000 nafardan koʻp boʻlgan Eronning eng gavjum shaharlari roʻyxati keltirilgan[7][8]. Viloyat markazi boʻlgan shahar nomi qalin harflar bilan ajratib koʻrsatiladi.
| № | Shahar | Viloyat | Rasmiy sanasi Asos Munitsipalitet |
2016-yilgi aholini roʻyxatga olish | 2011-yilgi aholini roʻyxatga olish | Oʻzgarish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tehron | Tehron ustoni | 1907 | 8 693,706 | 8 154,051 | +6,62% |
| 2 | Mashhad | Razaviy Xuroson | 1918 | 3 001,184 | 2 749,374 | +9,16% |
| 3 | Isfahon | Isfahon ustoni | 1907 | 1 961,26 | 1 756,126 | +11,68% |
| 4 | Karaj | Alburz ustoni | 1951 | 1 592,492 | 1 614,626 | −1,37% |
| 5 | Sheroz | Fars ustoni | 1907 | 1 565,572 | 1 460,665 | +7,18% |
| 6 | Tabriz | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1907 | 1 558,693 | 1 494,988 | +4,26% |
| 7 | Qum | Qum | 1926 | 1 201,158 | 1 074,036 | +11,84% |
| 8 | Ahvoz | Xuziston | 1925 | 1 184,788 | 1 112,021 | +6,54% |
| 9 | Kirmonshoh | Kirmonshoh viloyati | 1912 | 946,651 | 851,405 | +11,19% |
| 10 | Urmiya | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1928 | 736,224 | 667,499 | +10,30% |
| 11 | Rasht | Gilon ustoni | 1907 | 679,995 | 639,951 | +6,26% |
| 12 | Zohidon | Siston va Balujiston ustoni | 1938 | 587,73 | 560,725 | +4,82% |
| 13 | Hamadon | Hamadon ustoni | 1911 | 554,406 | 525,794 | +5,44% |
| 14 | Kerman | Kirmon ustoni | 1907 | 537,718 | 534,441 | +0,61% |
| 15 | Yazd | Yazd viloyati | 1926 | 529,673 | 486,152 | +8,95% |
| 16 | Ardabil | Ardabil ustoni | 1925 | 529,374 | 482,632 | +9,68% |
| 17 | Bandar-Abbos | Hoʻrmuzgon ustoni | 1925 | 526,648 | 435,751 | +20,86% |
| 18 | Arok | Markaziy ustoni | 1927 | 520,944 | 526,182 | −1,00% |
| 19 | Islomshahr | Tehron ustoni | 1978 | 448,129 | 389,102 | +15,17% |
| 20 | Zanjon | Zanjon ustoni | 1923 | 430,871 | 386,851 | +11,38% |
| 21 | Sanandaj | Kurdiston ustoni | 1928 | 412,767 | 373,987 | +10,37% |
| 22 | Qazvin | Qazvin viloyati | 1924 | 402,748 | 381,598 | +5,54% |
| 23 | Xurramobod | Luriston | 1931 | 373,416 | 348,216 | +7,24% |
| 24 | Goʻrgon | Guliston ustoni | 1925 | 350,676 | 329,536 | +6,42% |
| 25 | Sari | Mozandaron ustoni | 1927 | 347,402 | 296,417 | +17,20% |
| 26 | Shahriyor | Tehron ustoni | 1952 | 309,607 | 249,473 | +24,10% |
| 27 | Qods | Tehron ustoni | 1989 | 309,605 | 283,517 | +9,20% |
| 28 | Koshon | Isfahon ustoni | 1930 | 304,487 | 275,325 | +10,59% |
| 29 | Malard | Tehron ustoni | 1995 | 281,027 | 290,817 | −3,37% |
| 30 | Dizpul | Xuziston | 1920 | 264,709 | 248,38 | +6,57% |
| 31 | Nishopur | Razaviy Xuroson | 1931 | 264,375 | 239,185 | +10,53% |
| 32 | Babol | Mozandaron ustoni | 1925 | 250,217 | 219,467 | +14,01% |
| 33 | Khomeyni Shahr | Isfahon ustoni | 1932 | 247,128 | 244,696 | +0,99% |
| 34 | Sabzevar | Razaviy Xuroson | 1930 | 243,7 | 231,557 | +5,24% |
| 35 | Golestan | Tehron ustoni | 1996 | 239,556 | 259,48 | −7,68% |
| 36 | Amol | Mozandaron ustoni | 1933 | 237,528 | 219,915 | +8,01% |
| 37 | Pakdasht | Tehron ustoni | 1991 | 236,319 | 206,49 | +14,45% |
| 38 | Najafobod | Isfahon ustoni | 1931 | 235,281 | 221,814 | +6,07% |
| 39 | Borujerd | Luriston | 1935 | 234,997 | 240,654 | −2,35% |
| 40 | Obodon | Xuziston | 1924 | 231,476 | 212,744 | +8,80% |
| 41 | Qarchak | Tehron ustoni | 1976 | 231,075 | 191,588 | +20,61% |
| 42 | Bojnord | Shimoliy Xuroson ustoni | 1931 | 228,931 | 199,791 | +14,59% |
| 43 | Varamin | Tehron ustoni | 1941 | 225,628 | 218,991 | +3,03% |
| 44 | Bushehr | Bushahr ustoni | 1922 | 223,504 | 195,222 | +14,49% |
| 45 | Saveh | Markaziy ustoni | 1931 | 220,762 | 200,481 | +10,12% |
| 46 | Qaem Shahr | Mozandaron ustoni | 1935 | 204,953 | 196,05 | +4,54% |
| 47 | Birjand | Janubiy Xuroson ustoni | 1928 | 203,636 | 178,02 | +14,39% |
| 48 | Nasimshahr | Tehron ustoni | 1995 | 200,393 | 157,474 | +27,25% |
| 49 | Sirjan | Kirmon ustoni | 1936 | 199,704 | 185,623 | +7,59% |
| 50 | Khoy | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1923 | 198,845 | 200,958 | −1,05% |
| 51 | Ilam | Ilom ustoni | 1936 | 194,03 | 172,213 | +12,67% |
| 52 | Bukan | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1948 | 193,501 | 170,6 | +13,42% |
| 53 | Shahr-e Kord | Chahormahol va Baxtiyoriy ustoni | 1931 | 190,441 | 159,775 | +19,19% |
| 54 | Semnan | Simnon ustoni | 1925 | 185,129 | 153,68 | +20,46% |
| 55 | Fardis | Alburz ustoni | 2013 | 181,174 | 181,174 | 0,00% |
| 56 | Maragheh | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1921 | 175,255 | 162,275 | +8,00% |
| 57 | Shahin Shahr | Isfahon ustoni | 1976 | 173,329 | 143,308 | +20,95% |
| 58 | Malayer | Hamadon ustoni | 1934 | 170,237 | 159,848 | +6,50% |
| 59 | Mohobod | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1931 | 168,393 | 147,268 | +14,34% |
| 60 | Saqqez | Kurdiston ustoni | 1935 | 165,258 | 139,738 | +18,26% |
| 61 | Bandar-e Mahshahr | Xuziston | 1954 | 162,797 | 153,778 | +5,86% |
| 62 | Rafsanjan | Kirmon ustoni | 1935 | 161,909 | 151,42 | +6,93% |
| 63 | Gonbad-e Kavus | Guliston ustoni | 1934 | 151,91 | 144,546 | +5,09% |
| 64 | Shahrud | Simnon ustoni | 1925 | 150,129 | 140,474 | +6,87% |
| 65 | Marvdasht | Fars ustoni | 1950 | 148,858 | 138,649 | +7,36% |
| 66 | Kamal Shahr | Alburz ustoni | 1996 | 141,669 | 109,943 | +28,86% |
| 67 | Jahrom | Fars ustoni | 1925 | 141,634 | 114,108 | +24,12% |
| 68 | Torbat-e Heydarieh | Razaviy Xuroson | 1928 | 140,019 | 131,15 | +6,76% |
| 69 | Marivan | Kurdiston ustoni | 1957 | 136,654 | 110,464 | +23,71% |
| 70 | Andimeshk | Xuziston | 1956 | 135,116 | 126,811 | +6,55% |
| 71 | Shahreza | Isfahon ustoni | 1929 | 134,952 | 123,767 | +9,04% |
| 72 | Zabol | Siston va Balujiston ustoni | 1928 | 134,95 | 137,722 | −2,01% |
| 73 | Yasuj | Koʻhgiluya va Buyir-Ahmad ustoni | 1970 | 134,532 | 108,505 | +23,99% |
| 74 | Miandoab | Gʻarbiy Ozarbayjon ustoni | 1935 | 134,425 | 123,081 | +9,22% |
| 75 | Khorramshahr | Xuziston | 1925 | 133,097 | 129,418 | +2,84% |
| 76 | Marand | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1929 | 130,825 | 124,323 | +5,23% |
| 77 | Jiroft | Kirmon ustoni | 1946 | 130,429 | 111,034 | +17,47% |
| 78 | Bam | Kirmon ustoni | 1937 | 127,396 | 107,131 | +18,92% |
| 79 | Behbahan | Xuziston | 1937 | 122,604 | 107,412 | +14,14% |
| 80 | Dorud | Luriston | 1949 | 121,638 | 99,499 | +22,25% |
| 81 | Nazarobod | Alburz ustoni | 2002 | 119,512 | 107,806 | +10,86% |
| 82 | Mohammadshahr | Alburz ustoni | 1996 | 119,418 | 100,519 | +18,80% |
| 83 | Izeh | Xuziston | 1958 | 119,399 | 117,093 | +1,97% |
| 84 | Bandar-e Anzali | Gilon ustoni | 1922 | 118,564 | 116,664 | +1,63% |
| 85 | Andisheh | Tehron ustoni | 2003 | 116,062 | 96,807 | +19,89% |
| 86 | Iranshahr | Siston va Balujiston ustoni | 1940 | 113,75 | 97,012 | +17,25% |
| 87 | Fasa | Fars ustoni | 1926 | 110,825 | 104,809 | +5,74% |
| 88 | Borazjan | Bushahr | 1928 | 110,567 | 95,449 | +15,84% |
| 89 | Baneh | Kurdiston ustoni | 1948 | 110,218 | 85,19 | +29,38% |
| 90 | Chabahar | Siston va Balujiston ustoni | 1950 | 106,739 | 85,633 | +24,65% |
| 91 | Robat Karim | Tehron ustoni | 1983 | 105,393 | 78,097 | +34,95% |
| 92 | Kashmar | Razaviy Xuroson | 1929 | 102,282 | 90,2 | +13,39% |
| 93 | Shushtar | Xuziston | 1927 | 101,878 | 106,815 | −4,62% |
| 94 | Quchan | Razaviy Xuroson | 1937 | 101,604 | 103,76 | −2,08% |
| 95 | Lahijan | Gilon ustoni | 1928 | 101,073 | 94,051 | +7,47% |
| 96 | Ahar | Sharqiy Ozarbayjon | 1944 | 100,641 | 92,608 | +8,67% |
| 97 | Masjidi Sulaymon | Xuziston | 1959 | 100,497 | 103,369 | −2,78% |
| 98 | Torbat-e Jam | Razaviy Xuroson | 1933 | 100,449 | 94,758 | +6,01% |
Viloyatlardagi eng katta shaharlar
Bu 2016-yilgi aholi roʻyxatiga olish maʼlumotlariga koʻra, 31 ta viloyatning eng yirik shaharlari roʻyxatidir..[9]
Gallereya
-
1. Tehron, Tehron ustoni
-
2. Mashhad, Xuroson Razaviy ustoni
-
3. Isfahon, Isfahon ustoni
-
4. Karaj, Alborz ustoni
-
5. Sheroz, Fars ustoni
-
6. Tabriz, Sharqiy Ozarbayjon ustoni
-
7. Ahvoz, Xuziston ustoni
-
8. Qom, Qum ustoni
-
9. Kirmonshoh, Kirmonshoh ustoni
-
10. Urmiya, G‘arbiy Ozarbayjon ustoni
-
11. Rasht, Gilan ustoni
-
12. Zohidon, Seyiston va Balujiston ustoni
Yana qarang
Manbalar
- ↑ Payvand. „Iran: Focus on reverse migration“. 2004-yil 11-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2006-yil 17-aprel.
- ↑ "Islamic Azad University", retrieved 28 Jan 2008 (Wayback Machine saytida November 10, 2007, sanasida arxivlangan)
- ↑ Assari, Ali; T.M. Mahesh (2011). "Urbanization Process in Iranian Cities". Asian Journal of Development Matters 5 (1): 151–154. http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ajdm&volume=5&issue=1&article=025. Qaraldi: 7 January 2013.
- ↑ Religious Tourism Potentials Rich retrieved 28 Feb 2008 (Wayback Machine saytida February 24, 2008, sanasida arxivlangan)
- ↑ Mashhad, Iran (Wayback Machine saytida 2010-11-27 sanasida arxivlangan) retrieved 28 Feb 2008
- ↑ „Population of Cities in Iran 2023“. worldpopulationreview.com. Qaraldi: 2023-yil 3-iyul.
- ↑ „Statistical Center of Iran > Population and Housing Censuses“.
- ↑ „Population of Cities in Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2021 – StatisticsTimes.com“. statisticstimes.com. Qaraldi: 2023-yil 3-iyul.
- ↑ „Iran: Provinces, Major Cities & Towns – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information“. citypopulation.de. Qaraldi: 2023-yil 3-iyul.
Adabiyotlar
- Laurence Lockhart. Persian Cities, London, 1960. OCLC 1370385.
- Fredy Bemont. Les Villes de l'Iran (fr). OCLC 489929494. 1969–1973
- Michael E. Bonine (1979). "Morphogenesis of Iranian Cities". Annals of the Association of American Geographers 69 (2): 208–224. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1979.tb01252.x.
- Heinz Gaube. Iranian Cities. New York University Press, 1979. ISBN 0814729711.
- Fisher, William Bayne; Avery, P.; Hambly, G. R. G.; Gershevitch, Ilya; Melville, C. „Traditional Iranian City in the Qajar Period“, . From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic. Cambridge University Press, 1991 — 542+-bet. ISBN 9780521200950.
- Masoud Kheirabadi. Iranian Cities: Formation and Development. Syracuse University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-8156-2860-6.
- Eckart Ehlers (2011). "Cities: Modern Urbanization and Modernization in Persia". Encyclopædia Iranica. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cities-iv.