Dichorragia nesimachus
| Dichorragia nesimachus | |
|---|---|
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Ilmiy tasniflash | |
| Olam: | Hayvonlar |
| Tip: | Bo‘g‘imoyoqlilar |
| Sinf: | Hasharotlar |
| Turkum: | Tangachaqanotlilar |
| Oila: | Nimfalidlar |
| Urugʻ: | Dichorragia |
| Turlari: | nesimachus |
| Binar nomi | |
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Dichorragia nesimachus ((Doyere, 1840)) | |
| Sinonimlari | |
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Dichorragia nesimachus, The Constable - Nimfalidlar oilasiga, Pseudergolinae kichik oilasiga mansub bo'lgan kunduzgi kapalak turidir. Ushbu kapalak o'zining g'ayrioddiy va jozibali qanot naqshlari bilan mashhur[1][2].
Tavsif
Ilgari bu kapalak Cyrestinae yoki Apaturinae kichik oilalariga tegishli deb hisoblangan. Biroq, so'nggi tadqiqotlar natijasida u Pseudergolinae kichik oilasiga kiritildi va u yerda Stibochiona turkumining yaqin qarindoshi hisoblanadi. Vetnamda kuzatilgan tadqiqotlarga ko'ra, bu kapalaklar ko'pincha tepaliklar va tog' cho'qqilariga uchib chiqishadi. Bu odatda urg'ochi kapalaklarni jalb qilish va juftlashish uchun xizmat qiladi[3].
Tarqalishi
Kapalak G'arbiy Hindistondan tortib to Sharqiy Yaponiyagacha bo'lgan juda keng hududda tarqalgani sababli, uning yashash joyiga qarab rangi va naqshlarida bir oz farq qiluvchi turli geografik shakllari rivojlangan. Ular asosan zich va qalin o'rmonlar bag'rida yashaydi[4][5]. Asosan Osiyo qit'asida keng tarqalgan. Uni Hindistondan tortib, Myanma, Vetnam, Malayziya, Indoneziya hamda sharqda Yaponiya va Tayvangacha bo'lgan hududlarda uchratish mumkin[6].
Xususiyati
Judayam tez va chaqqon uchadi, shu sababli unga yaqinlashish yoki uni tutish ancha qiyin. Ko'pincha barglarning ostki qismiga qanotlarini keng yoygan holda qo'nib dam oladi. Ular nafaqat o'zlari, balki daryo bo'ylaridagi nam tuproq va loylarda boshqa kapalak turlari bilan birgalikda guruh bo'lib minerallar so'rayotgan holda tez-tez uchraydi. Qanotlarining ustki qismi to'q yashil yoki qora-to'q ko'k rangda bo'lib, xuddi tungi osmondagi yulduzlar kabi oq va yorqin ko'k dog'lar hamda naqshlar bilan qoplangan. Yaponiyada bu naqshlarni siyohli marmar qog'ozga o'xshatishgani uchun uni "Suminagashi" (siyoh oqimi) deb ham atashadi. Urg'ochi va erkak kapalaklar tashqi ko'rinishidan bir-biriga juda o'xshash, biroq erkaklarining orqa qanotlarida qo'shimcha yorqin ko'k belgilari bo'ladi[7][8].
Galereya
Turlari
- D. n. nesimachus (Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Manipur - Indochina, South Yunnan)
- D. n. baliensis Shimagami, 1990 (Bali)
- D. n. deiokes Fruhstorfer, 1913 (southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaya)
- D. n. derdas Fruhstorfer, 1903 (Borneo)
- D. n. formosanus Fruhstorfer, 1909 (Taiwan)
- D. n. harpalycus Fruhstorfer, 1913 (Banggai Islands)
- D. n. machates Fruhstorfer, 1903 (Sumatra, Batu Islands)
- D. n. leytensis Shimagami, 1990 (Philippines: Leyte)
- D. n. luzonensis Shimagami, 1990 (Philippines: Luzon)
- D. n. mannus Fruhstorfer, 1898 (Java)
- D. n. nesiotes Fruhstorfer, 1903 (Japan)
- D. n. nesseus (Grose-Smith, 1893) (western China)
- D. n. niasicus Fruhstorfer, 1909 (Nias)
- D. n. peisandrus Fruhstorfer, 1913 (Sula Islands)
- D. n. peisistratus Fruhstorfer, 1913 (Philippines)
- D. n. pelurius Fruhstorfer, 1897 (Sulawesi)
- D. n. tanahmasa Sato & Hanafusa, 1993 (Batu Islands)
Manbalar
- ↑ Wahlberg, N.; Brower, A. V. Z.; Nylin, S. (2005). "Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 86 (2): 227–251. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00531.x.
- ↑ Zhang, Min; Yang Zhong; Tianwen Cao; Yupeng Geng; Yuan Zhang; Ke Jin; Zhumei Ren; Rui Zhang et al. (2008). "Phylogenetic relationship and morphological evolution in the subfamily Limenitidinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)". Progress in Natural Science 18 (11): 1357–1364. doi:10.1016/j.pnsc.2008.03.025.
- ↑ Spitzer, K; V Novotny; M Tonner; Jan Leps (1993). "Habitat preferences, distribution and seasonality of the butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) in a montane tropical rain forest, Vietnam". Journal of Biogeography 20 (1): 109–121. doi:10.2307/2845744. http://botanika.bf.jcu.cz/suspa/pdf/jbg_20.pdf.
- ↑ The butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, 1992.
- ↑ Parsons M.. The butterflies of Papua New Guinea: their systematics and biology. Academic Press, San Diego, 1999.
- ↑ Kubo, Kaiya (1960). "Butterfly hunting in the mountains of central Japan". Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 14 (3): 203–207. https://images.peabody.yale.edu/lepsoc/jls/1960s/1960/1960-14(3)203-Kubo.pdf.
- ↑ The butterflies of the Malay Peninsula. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, 1992.
- ↑ Parsons M.. The butterflies of Papua New Guinea: their systematics and biology. Academic Press, San Diego, 1999.