Bibixonim Astarobodiy

Bibi Xonim Astarobodiy
	بی بی خانم استرآبادی
	; Mehrangiz Mallah [fa] tomonidan chizilgan Bibixonim Astarabodiyning portreti
Tavalludi	tax. 1858/59; Astarobod, Qojarlar Eroni
Vafoti	1921 (61–63 yoshda); Tehron, Qojarlar Eroni
Kasbi	Yozuvchi; faol; satirik; pedagog; maktab asoschisi;
Yoʻnalishi	Eron ayollar harakati, demokratiya faoli
Turmush oʻrtogʻi	Musaxon Vaziriy
Bolalari	7
Qarindoshlari	Mahlaqo Mallah (nabirasi),; Husayn Ali Mallah (nabirasi); Mehrangiz Mallah (nabirasi)

Bibixonim Astarobodiy^[1]^[2] (forscha: بی بی خانم استرآبادی‎‎; tax. 1858/59-yilda tugʻilgan — 1921-yilda vafot etgan) — eronlik yozuvchi, satirik hamda Eron ayollar harakatining ilgʻor namoyandalaridan biri^[3].

Hayoti va faoliyati

Bibi Xotun Astarobodiy tax. 1858/59-yilda Qojarlar Eronining Astarobod shahrida (hozirgi Goʻrgon, Eron) tugʻilgan. Uning otasi Muhammad Boqirxon Astarobodiy Astaroboddagi nufuzli kishilardan biri boʻlgan. Onasi Xadichaxonim (forscha: خديجه خانم‎‎) Mulla Boji nomi bilan tanilgan edi^[4]. U Nosiriddinshoh Qojar saroyida bolalarning taʼlimi uchun mas’ul boʻlgan.

22 yoshida Bibi Xotun Fors kazak brigadasida nufuzli amaldor boʻlgan Musaxon Vaziriy ismli kishiga turmushga chiqqan. Juftlikning 7 farzandi boʻlgan. Shuningdek, mashhur polkovnik, musiqashunos, bastakor, tor cholgʻusining mashhur ijrochisi, Eron Musiqa akademiyasi va Eron Milliy orkestrining asoschisi Ali-Naqi Vaziriy, badiiy rassom Hasan Vaziriy va jurnalist Xadicha Afzal Vaziriy ularning farzandlari boʻlgan^[5]. Eronning 1992-yilda bolalar va onalarni, shuningdek, davlat amaldorlarini atrof-muhit ifloslanishi xavflari haqida xabardor qilish maqsadida tashkil etilgan Atrof-muhit ifloslanishiga qarshi ayollar jamiyati^[6] asoschisi va rahbari, doktor Mahlagʻa Mallah ona tomondan Bibi Xotun Astarabodiyning nabirasi hisoblanadi^[7]. Fors musiqashunosi, rassom va muallif Husayn Ali Mallah ham ona tomondan Bibi Xotun Astarabodiyning nabirasidir^[8].

1921-yilda Bibixonim Tehronda 61–63 yosh oraligʻida vafot etgan.

Yana qarang

Farruxru Parsa

Manbalar

↑ Bibi (بی بی) means Matron, „a married woman especially one characterized by dignity, staid discreet behaviour, and plump motherly appearance“ (OED), Venerable lady or Grandmother. Khatoon (خاتون) is a variant of the word Khanoom (خانوم), or Khanom (خانم). Any one of these three words (in particular the latter one) is often added to a womanʼs name in token of respect; it therefore need not be part of the official name of a woman. The official use of Khatoon is rare, if not obsolete, in the present-day Iran, and of the remaining two, Khanom is formal and Khanoom rather colloquial. The words Khatoon, Khanoom and Khanom, the feminine forms of the word Khan, are of Mongolian origin.
↑ Astarabadi (استرآبادی) refers to the people of Astarabad (استرآباد), the modern city of Gorgan and the capital of the Golestan province of Iran.
↑ „Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi“. WorldCat Entities. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC. Qaraldi: 2025-yil 29-sentyabr.
↑ Bāji means both Female servant, and Sister. In the latter case it is a variant of the word Ābji, Sister. The writer of these lines is not familiar with the etymology of these words, however it is disconcertingly plausible that at some point in history parents and/or brothers may have come to see their daughters and/or sisters respectively as female servants in the household. What is more likely, however, is that Bāji simply means Sister and that its meaning as Female servant may be attributable to the fact that through referring to a female servant as Bāji one has intended, and intends, to be familial and convey the implicit verbal assurance that she would not be subjected to sexual harassment by the male members of the family; it is rather common in Iran that one conveys a similar statement by addressing a member of the opposite sex as brother or sister, as the case may be (when used inappropriately or in excess, such use may be viewed as patronising however). The title Mollah is indicative that she must have been educated and in charge of more than the daily household chores of Shah’s Court
↑ Bibi Khanom Astarabadi (Gorgani), A short biography of Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi (in Persian), containing some transcripted material from an interview by Deutsche Welle with Dr Mah-Laghā Mallah (دكتر مه لقا ملاح), maternal granddaughter of Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi (Shomaliha.com (Wayback Machine saytida 29 June 2007 sanasida arxivlangan)).
↑ „The Iran Initiative, The Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) – For a World of Peace, Justice and Nonviolence, Report 6, May 2006“. Forusa.org. 2007-yil 11-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
↑ For an interview, made in 2006 by Deutsche Welle, with Dr Mah-Laghā Mallah, see External Links.
↑ „یادنامه ای برای حسینعلی ملاح در سالروز درگذشتش“ [A note for Hossein Ali Mallah on the anniversary of his death] (fa). ایمنا (Iran's Metropolises News Agency, IMNA) (2017-yil 18-iyul). Qaraldi: 2024-yil 19-iyul.

Adabiyotlar

Afsaneh Najmabadi, Women with Mustaches and Men without Beards: Gender and Sexual Anxieties of Iranian Modernity (University of California Press, Berkeley, 2005). ISBN 0-520-24263-7
Afsaneh Najmabadi, muharrir, Bibi Khanum Astarabadi’s Maʼayib al-Rijal: Vices of Men (Midland Printers, Chicago, 1992).
Hasan Javadi, Manijeh Marashi va Simin Shekrloo, muharrirlar, Taʼdib al-Nisvan va Maʼayib al-Rijal [Ayollarni tarbiyalash va erkaklar illatlari] (Jahan Books, Maryland, 1992).
The education of women & the vices of men: two Qajar tracts, tarj. va kirish soʻzi mualliflari Hasan Javadi va Villem Flor (Syracuse Univ. Press, Syracuse NY, 2010). ISBN 978-0-8156-3240-5
Jasmin Khosravie, Die Sünden der Männer — Konzepte von Weiblichkeit im Spiegel der Lebenswelt von Bibi Khanum Astarabadi (st. 1921), in: S. Conermann & S. von Hees (muharrirlar): Islamwissenschaft als Kulturwissenschaft: Historische Anthropologie. Ansätze und Möglichkeiten (pp. 235–262), (EB-Publishers, Hamburg 2007).

Havolalar

Vikiomborda „Bibixonim Astarobodiy“ mavzusi boʻyicha mediafayllar bor.

Ibrohim Nabaviy, Bibi Xonim va nomaʼlum shahzoda (بی بی خانم و شاهزاده گمنام), BBC Persian, 2006-yil 26 iyul, chorshanba.
„Qizlar maktabi“ (مدرسه دوشيزگان) — Deutsche Welleda. Eron konstitutsiyaviy inqilobining 100-yilligiga bagʻishlangan dastur boʻlib, unda doktor Mah-Laghā Mallah (دكتر مه لقا ملاح) — Bibi Xotun Astarabodiyning ona tomondan nabirasi — bilan suhbat ham bor; 2006-yil 11 avgust. Suhbat paytida doktor Mallah 90 yoshda edi.
„Bibi Xonim Astarobodiy (Gorgani)“, Bibi Xotun Astarabodiyning qisqa tarjimai holi (fors tilida), unda yuqorida tilga olingan Deutsche Welledagi doktor Mah-Laghā Mallah bilan intervyudan koʻchirilgan ayrim materiallar ham keltirilgan. shomaliha.com.

[1] Bibi (بی بی) means Matron, „a married woman especially one characterized by dignity, staid discreet behaviour, and plump motherly appearance“ (OED), Venerable lady or Grandmother. Khatoon (خاتون) is a variant of the word Khanoom (خانوم), or Khanom (خانم). Any one of these three words (in particular the latter one) is often added to a womanʼs name in token of respect; it therefore need not be part of the official name of a woman. The official use of Khatoon is rare, if not obsolete, in the present-day Iran, and of the remaining two, Khanom is formal and Khanoom rather colloquial. The words Khatoon, Khanoom and Khanom, the feminine forms of the word Khan, are of Mongolian origin.

[2] Astarabadi (استرآبادی) refers to the people of Astarabad (استرآباد), the modern city of Gorgan and the capital of the Golestan province of Iran.

[OCLC-3] „Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi“. WorldCat Entities. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC. Qaraldi: 2025-yil 29-sentyabr.

[4] Bāji means both Female servant, and Sister. In the latter case it is a variant of the word Ābji, Sister. The writer of these lines is not familiar with the etymology of these words, however it is disconcertingly plausible that at some point in history parents and/or brothers may have come to see their daughters and/or sisters respectively as female servants in the household. What is more likely, however, is that Bāji simply means Sister and that its meaning as Female servant may be attributable to the fact that through referring to a female servant as Bāji one has intended, and intends, to be familial and convey the implicit verbal assurance that she would not be subjected to sexual harassment by the male members of the family; it is rather common in Iran that one conveys a similar statement by addressing a member of the opposite sex as brother or sister, as the case may be (when used inappropriately or in excess, such use may be viewed as patronising however). The title Mollah is indicative that she must have been educated and in charge of more than the daily household chores of Shah’s Court

[5] Bibi Khanom Astarabadi (Gorgani), A short biography of Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi (in Persian), containing some transcripted material from an interview by Deutsche Welle with Dr Mah-Laghā Mallah (دكتر مه لقا ملاح), maternal granddaughter of Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi (Shomaliha.com (Wayback Machine saytida 29 June 2007 sanasida arxivlangan)).

[6] „The Iran Initiative, The Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) – For a World of Peace, Justice and Nonviolence, Report 6, May 2006“. Forusa.org. 2007-yil 11-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.

[7] For an interview, made in 2006 by Deutsche Welle, with Dr Mah-Laghā Mallah, see External Links.

[8] „یادنامه ای برای حسینعلی ملاح در سالروز درگذشتش“ [A note for Hossein Ali Mallah on the anniversary of his death] (fa). ایمنا (Iran's Metropolises News Agency, IMNA) (2017-yil 18-iyul). Qaraldi: 2024-yil 19-iyul.

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