Kontent qismiga oʻtish

1930–1933-yillardagi sovet ocharchiligi

ZiyoSfera, erkin ensiklopediya

1930–1933-yillardagi sovet ocharchiligi — Sovet Ittifoqining asosiy don yetishtiruvchi hududlari, jumladan, Ukraina va Rossiyaning ayrim qismlarida (Qozogʻiston[1][2][3], Shimoliy Kavkaz, Kuban, Volgaboʻyi, Janubiy Ural va Gʻarbiy Sibir) yuz bergan ocharchilik[4][5]. Birinchi besh yillik reja doirasida qishloq xoʻjaligini majburan jamoalashtirish hamda dehqonlardan donni zoʻrlik bilan yigʻib olish uning asosiy sabablari sanaladi. Bu omillar ogʻir sanoatga katta sarmoya kiritilishi bilan birgalikda qishloq xoʻjaligidagi ishchi kuchi sonini kamaytirib yubordi[6]. Hisob-kitoblarga koʻra, butun Sovet Ittifoqi boʻylab 5,7 milliondan[4] 8,7 milliongacha[5][7] odam ochlikdan vafot etgan. Bundan tashqari, ocharchilik davrida 50 milliondan 70 milliongacha sovet fuqarosi ochlikdan aziyat chekkan, ammo keyinchalik tirik qolgan[8].


Manbalar

  1. ↑ Ohayon, Isabelle „The Kazakh Famine: The Beginnings of Sedentarization“. Sciences Po. Paris Institute of Political Studies (2013-yil 28-sentyabr). Qaraldi: 2021-yil 19-dekabr.
  2. ↑ Cameron, Sarah (10 September 2016). "The Kazakh Famine of 1930–33: Current Research and New Directions". East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 3 (2): 117–132. doi:10.21226/T2T59X. ISSN 2292-7956. 1930–1933-yillardagi sovet ocharchiligi]]
  3. ↑ Engerman 2004, s. 194.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 "Famine on the South Siberia". Human Science (Russia) 2 (98): 15. http://www.philosophy.nsc.ru/journals/humscience/2_98/15-MAL.HTM. 
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 "Demographic aftermath of the famine in Kazakhstan". Weekly (Russia). 1 January 2003. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2003/0101/analit02.php. 
  6. ↑ Stuart, Robert C. (1982). "Review of The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia, Vol. 1: The Socialist Offensive: The Collectivisation of Soviet Agriculture, 1929–1930; The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia, Vol. 2: The Soviet Collective Farm, 1929–1930, R. W. Davies". Slavic Review 41 (3): 551–552. doi:10.2307/2497035. ISSN 0037-6779. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2497035. 
  7. ↑ Stuart, Robert C. (1982). "Review of The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia". Slavic Review 41 (3): 551–552. doi:10.2307/2497035. 
  8. ↑ Chotiner, Isaac (15 December 2017). „How to Build a Dictatorship“. Slate. 12 December 2024da asl nusxadan arxivlandi. 
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